Foundational vocabulary, laws, and theories essential for AP Chemistry success. Covers atomic structure, bonding, and stoichiometry basics.
20 cards
Front
What is a mole in chemistry?
Back
A mole is the SI unit for amount of substance. One mole contains exactly 6.022 × 10^23 elementary entities (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.), known as Avogadro's number.
Front
Define Molar Mass
Back
The mass of one mole of a substance (usually expressed in grams per mole, g/mol). It is numerically equal to the atomic mass listed on the periodic table for elements.
Front
Law of Conservation of Mass
Back
States that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. In a closed system, the total mass of the reactants must equal the total mass of the products.
Front
Law of Definite Proportions
Back
States that a chemical compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements by mass. For example, water is always about 11% hydrogen and 89% oxygen by mass.
Front
What is an Isotope?
Back
Atoms of the same element (same number of protons) that have different numbers of neutrons, resulting in different mass numbers.
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