Master the fundamental definitions, laws, and principles essential for AP Physics 2, including Thermodynamics, Fluids, and Electricity.
20 cards
Front
Thermodynamics: System vs. Surroundings
Back
The **system** is the specific object or collection of matter being studied, while the **surroundings** are everything else outside the system that can exchange energy or matter with it.
Front
Ideal Gas Law Equation
Back
**PV = nRT** Where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is temperature in Kelvin. It relates the macroscopic properties of an ideal gas.
Front
Thermal Equilibrium
Back
The state in which two objects in contact reach the same **temperature** and no net heat (energy) flows between them because they are at the same thermal potential.
Front
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
Back
If Object A is in thermal equilibrium with Object B, and Object B is in thermal equilibrium with Object C, then Object A and Object C are in thermal equilibrium. This defines temperature empirically.
Front
First Law of Thermodynamics
Back
**Delta U = Q - W** The change in internal energy (Delta U) of a system equals the heat added to the system (Q) minus the work done *by* the system (W). It is a statement of conservation of energy.
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