GRE Quantitative Reasoning - Foundational Terms

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Integer

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An integer is any whole number, its negative, or zero. The set of integers includes values like -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3. Integers do not include fractions or decimals. Example: -7, 0, and 42 are integers, but 3.5 and -2.7 are not.

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Prime Number

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A prime number is a positive integer greater than 1 that has exactly two factors: 1 and itself. The number 1 is not prime. Examples: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17. Note that 2 is the only even prime number.

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Factor

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A factor is a positive integer that divides another integer exactly, with no remainder. For example, the factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12, because each divides 12 evenly.

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Remainder

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The remainder is the integer left over after division when one number does not divide another evenly. For example, when 17 is divided by 5, the quotient is 3 and the remainder is 2, because 17 equals 5 times 3 plus 2.

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Percent

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Percent means per hundred and represents a ratio out of 100. To convert a percent to a decimal, divide by 100. For example, 25 percent equals 0.25 or 25 hundredths. To find 30 percent of 80, multiply 80 by 0.30 to get 24.